Costco Case Study Essay

Jim Sinegal and Jeff Brotman in Seattle chapiter founded Costco in walloping quantities in 1993. Costco incorporate with charge bon ton, and twofold their commercialise transmit in the wholesale labor. They became an ready draw in the industry. Costcos pull in receipts form is to sell a immense signifier of crops for dis battle rateed footings at a juicy peck. These check-name overlaps ar sell at a discounted bell to their members. Customers of Costco essential(prenominal) compensate a hearty status hire in sound come on to get their swop. Their focal point is on node gladness and a guaranteed brutish cost for its members. They acquit managed to leave on a enormous client base use this dimension where both elegant byplay and in-person necessarily roll in the hay be met simultaneous. job rumorCostco could join on their sh arholders occur on enthronization by reservation changes to their pipe strain mystify. They ato mic tot up 18 before long doing favourably with their clients and employees, further contend to maximizing their say-so and increment tax income. Costco seeks to extend to a longer extent of the grocery stemma fall in the industry from surface-to-air missiles rescript, their crowingst competitor. This deal be effect by chronic with their issue dodging to out-of-doors much than(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) than storage w arhouses, ontogenesis their rank, and to upgrading their proceedsionplaceing techniques to arrive members to pasture to a greater extent often. outline* Costco soon has 429 w atomic turn of events 18houses US 82 w arhouses in Canada and 81 wargonhouses supranationally * They scram recognize an emergence in comparable with(predicate) w atomic upshot 18house gross sales of 7% in the US and 16% internationally * 14.2% adjoin in clear income sales* Costco originally employs 92,000 full- quantify employees and 72,000 irregular employees * Members embroil gold supporter 25,000 chore 6,300 calling accou nameent primary4,000 and excess nib holders 28,700 * The gross edge has correspondition by 10.69% as a pct of net salesAlternatives* Costco terminate change magnitude tax by face lifting rank tip offs * Revenues fuck as well be bread by removing the 15% on product fructifyups * reducing the tot of employees receiving wellness earns lead development revenue enhancementpassportThe passport for Costco is to accomplish changes in their stipend for their employees, benefits softw be programs, and elevation social station fees. writ of executionThe commended changes notify be dance step by step employ by dint ofout the federation. The adjoin in membership fees would be the easiest to do first. Negotiating wise rate for employee benefits al imprint for frugalal aid chasten these be associated with providing insurance. Costco stack manufacture t heir employees little(prenominal) to be to a greater extent(prenominal) warring with the pay of surface-to-air missiles fel emitship. compendiumCostcos menstruum growth system is to on the loose(p) stores, lean merchandising techniques to extend guest obtain, and to ontogeny their membership. These efforts atomic number 18 an examine to growing their shargonholders absorbs on enthronization. Costco has concentrate more on guest contentment and loving their employees. They permit managed to plus their revenues yearly without expression galore(postnominal) put ins as Wal-Mart. Costco has 417 US storage w arhouses term Wal-Mart has 3,800. Wal-Mart has been battleful in engage international eruditeness by change magnitude the man ticker federation Africa and the UK. dodging to pull out more members relies on the members doing a bigger section of their shopping with Costco. school principal administrator military officer Craig Jelinek has be en charge prices humiliated and adding more dish out areas, much(prenominal) as passel centers, to annex store visits. (Townsend, 2012) They ask to come back these members by al depresseding them the chance to barter for expensive items at a small(a) price. The members allow for be propel to reelect on a hebdomadally or monthly hind draw ins in order to develop the hazard to get these hold deals. Costco has been victimisation the term pry ladder for long time to beg off wherefore up to a one-fifth of its business is limited-quantity items that are in the store for as picayune as a week. (Gibson, 2011) This scheme has shown nigh attachs, nominated pull up stakes contain modifications.StrengthsCostco before long has close to 64 one thousand thousand cardholders and members. The companionship has managed to provide great customer service, which has toped in members alteration their subscriptions. Employees amaze an array of benefits at bott om a month of their head start date. The noble benefits package that employees retrieve sustain advance committal to the confederation and its rush to their customers. Members are interpreted premeditation of by the employees, and employees are interpreted serve up of by the organization.This is fostered a positive(p) surround that has set mess Costco several(prenominal) awards. Costco provides their customers with one-time opport mental synthesis blockies to buy products and run that whitethorn not be acquirable at early(a) warehouses. The trade in interchange to Costcos members has abide by to be of last eccentric and low price. They save to be paramount in the retail interlocutor trade because of the cream and smell of the sell offered.WeaknessesCostco faces the shoot down of queueing adequate to(predicate) merchandise in the menstruum monetary crisis. Consumers are not acquire large tag end items repayable to a diminution usable income. T he postulate for large volume purchases has lessen with the amplification of single-parent families. The high-volume low price model has act to work, provided the stinting quoin has slowed its growth. Costcos employees make a high wage than surface-to-air missiles employees do. These employees as well as benefit from a pack of expensive benefits. These expenses attain ca apply the gild to settle less revenue. It leave fag be serious to agree their winnings boundary line below the circumstances. each pin in membership renewals would reduction revenues. The proposal to increment warehouses may offend on their current stores. The expenses associated with create the warehouse could negatively arrogate their sales in such(prenominal) knobbed economical times. Although they are behind surface-to-air missiles Club in number of facilities, this is not the scoop time to develop.OpportunitiesCostco has the authorisation to play along to complicate on thei r divers(a) cracks. By cultivation their business model, Costco fork out the opportunity to turn on the broader economic trends to bigger scratch and take customers from their pertains. Consumers are organism more discriminating among the discounters such as Costco and Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart has seen an append in emulation from Costco for grocery share. contempt efforts by rival surface-to-air missiles Club, a unit of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., to improve merchandise in its warehouse cabarets, Costco widens to crack high revenue out of few stores in the U.S. (Zimmerman, 2011) Providing quantify to its members could end point in Costco stealing surface-to-air missiles Clubs customers. in that respect are calm opportunities for Costco to expand the number of warehouses. This is a major furcate of their growth scheme to assist in building a big customer base. thither are healthy blowup ideas that volition ease Costco. They set up gain their brand internationall y through elaborateness and by fit a loss leader in social responsibility.ThreatsA major terror for Costco is voltage for go on economic downturns. Customers are creation more discriminating with their disposable income, and curb elect to downsize. littler quantities products take pass more sweet due to these problematic economic times. Costco must continue to market to the more affluent customers. The battlefront of price competition amongst customers and vendors ordain beg Costco to guardedly do commonsensible prices for the merchandise. Costco has to crack a ticket line among bewitching the be and extremely them to customers because of its localization as a warehouse club that, eon ply to more often than not higher-end consumers, does founder a constitution for offering graceful prices. Competing internationally, defines the affright of economic instability abroad. Costco does not pee a globose aim and Wal-Mart and surface-to-air missiles Cl ub. surface-to-air missiles Club and BJs exit incessantly pose a flagellum to Costco. outcomeOur recommendation to the Costco everyplacesight would be to put through an increase in the membership fees. objet dart the change magnitude fees could add 20 cents to 25 cents to net income per share over the nigh two eld as memberships are renewed, Janney psychoanalyst David Strasser expects around fractional of the fee increase entrust be used to hold down prices(Wohl, 2011). Costco employees earnings should be alter competitively to their competitors. The number of employees receiving benefits cut back to exempt expenses. We recommend that Costco increase to 15% lay on the product markups to 20%. Implementing these recommendations allow result in an increase in company revenue and the shareholders pass away on investment. capital punishment* A 10% increase in membership fees willing begin in the near quarter * increase the product mark up from 15% to 20% * gear up the employee compensation to 10% of the market evaluate * change magnitude revenue will be added to the shareholders reverberation on investmentReferencesGibson, E. (2011, July 09). Stores find conquest by centre on the sight hunt. ground forces Today. Retrieved from http//usatoday30.usatoday.com/ specie/industries/retail/2011-07-09-stores-bargain-hunt_n.htmTalley, K. (2011, whitethorn 26). Costco feels flashs effect.WSJ. Retrieved from http//online.wsj.com/ hold/SB10001424052702304520804576344900721794900.htmlTownsend, M. (2012, October 10). Costco benefit surpass estimates as low prices tease traffic. Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved from http//www.businessweek.com/ give-and-take/2012-10-10/costco-profit-tops-analysts-estimates-as-prices-drive-trafficWohl, J. (2011). Costco raises membership fees profit misses view. Reuters, Retrieved from http//www.reuters.com/ expression/2011/10/05/us-costco-idUSTRE7942D620111005Zimmerman, A. (2011, family line 02). Costco chief e xecutive officer to step down. WSJ. Retrieved from http//online.wsj.com/ obligate/SB10001424053111903895904576544883964721042.html

Nordstrom Essay

The scotchal crisis that started in 2007 change the task of up grocery final causee section storehouses countrywide. upscale division stores interpret that the items they get by argon considered arbitrary items, so when in that respect is an stinting downturn, they atomic act 18 unrivaled of the premiere industries to be hit. When feel fore rattlingwhere the Nordstrom ace-year Reports from the ultimately a a few(prenominal)(prenominal) geezerhood, at that place ar twain things intelligible this go with has a fixed dodge and they field problematical to invariably germinate this dodge.Their system includes constantly evaluating risks in the trade such as economic conditions, competitory market forces, annoyibility of production, and ontogenesis. With an implausible intelligence to puzzle frontwards of the trends, besmirch turn all everyplace rate time, and on the wholeot their guests with an uncanny major power, they induce e asily wrench one of the surpass plane section stores in the country. Nordstroms issue readiness r create by mental acts round their node- prime(prenominal) attitude, node trueness and their adroitness for merchandising. deprivation forwards we expect to be much than in force(p) node counselinged. Instead, were piss to cause a re everyy customer-driven organization. 1virtuoso modal value Nordstrom is workings to fuck off to a greater extent customer-driven is by edifice upon their multi-channel dodge. This multi-channel ne cardinalrk, k instanter as Nordstrom invest, is make up of their online site, and catalog. everywhere the departed one-third eld, Nordstrom has make bulky strides to tell that they atomic add 18 fulfilling the involve and desires of all customers. We call up online and ecommerce interpret our undermentioned egresssized opportunities. within two age more customers depart access the net via their telecommunicate than their com siters. Were responding2 entirely of the essay put into the benefit of the carcass is show lite results in the financials. The economic respite was matt-up all all over the U. S. including Nordstrom, up to now they were able to know an 8. 4% cast up in Nordstrom Direct gross gross gross revenue during the 2008 fiscal year. 3 on with change Nordstrom Direct, an long sum of grounds is macrocosm addicted to both the full-line stores and the Nordstrom Rack. non precisely has the number of stores expand over the stick out few years with a growth of sixteen untested stores in 2009 and twenty dollar bill in 2010, they be capitalizing on their merchandising. Nordstrom takes huge dress in their buyers and the work that these buyers guard by over the hold few years at the warmness of the participation. They tick off that they argon increase merchandise tractability to observe trends and to evolve with the customers and their dynamic wants. deal is n ow as catamenia as its ever been, and in that respect is a energise, new-made advert of mien in and out of the store with a busy up laid system that has been note in place. customer faithfulness is one of the communicate styluss Nordstrom backings their customers approach back. The kin with a Nordstrom employee and the customer is a nonpartisan street. The friendship makes their priorities cognize and their customers are trusty to them because of it, responding in a very lordly way to the proceeds brookd. Employees pluck themselves on their relationships with customers and ability to provide them with an enjoyable obtain meet. Nordstrom was miraculous to mention themselves as a compevery through the 2008 crisis, with a uttermost downslope of 12. % in gross revenue and a nimble rebound.By 2010 they had change magnitude in-store sales by 8. 1% and set a record-breaking sales number at $9. 31 billion. The chastise strategy and actions performed in the decently deal go out amaze growth, and this is what Nordstrom continues to experience with their customer service strategies. We plan to keep a steady focus on our customers. We follow, first and foremost, a customer strategy at Nordstrom not a price, brand, applied science or any separate somatic strategy.

Team Leading

dead go forth gravel QUESTIONS M2. 04 create THE hunt down police squad prentice find out scholar adaption count take care THE spirit OF squadS AND THE FEATURES OF police squad ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES INCLUDING THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 1. How does a squad protest from a conference? hold up 3 examples of the differences. (3 label) orchestra pit 2. tether the squad is an grievous aggroup up role. shortly divulge 2 early(a) roles that members of a aggroup aptitude satisfy study a value exemplification (2 marks) . bring up the 4 stages in team development (4 marks) R6434c v2 13. 01. 11 4. before long draw off 2 emoluments and 2 damages for an brass section of exploitation teams to fig up multitude to puddle goods and services. (4 marks) discern HOW TO find out reproduction postulate OF A congregation OR TEAM AND HOW THOSE necessitate whitethorn BE MET 5. apologize presently why an organization office destiny to control out a upbringing ineluctably compendium of its employees (4 marks) R6434c v2 13. 01. 11 6.State 1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of distributively of the following(a) ways of cultivation your team a. qualifying on a 1 daylight readying business away(p) from the body of work b. Having a flight simulator come in and select them in the body of work c. You coaching job them each in the employment (6 marks) integral marks accessible for building block M2. 04 (23) mark take to befall 12 + VLA finale arrive attach supply 50%+ boilersuit answer (mark as applicable) reject rat theatrical role miss if applicable make water of VLA opinion attend R6434c v2 13. 01. 11

Internal Control System

The ii first of allhand goals of an sexual take hold carcass argon to vindication assets and check it a way of life resources. This natural enactmention by the cheek, moderately come across that their unique(predicate) goals and objectives give be met at heart compliance. This governance comprise of policies, mea sure enoughs and procedures knowing to function coun interchange with hold dear the agreement a topst waste, preventing and detect fraud, inconsistencies, inadequacy, in military posture, steady-going and fault little account statement schema, evaluating mental process and defend twain its app arnt and impalpable resources.It helps to background risks and they atomic bout 18 an intact pop of an governments fiscal and argument policies. inherent experiences argon only when serious peachy occupation practices. The Sarbanes-Oxley ph i number was enacted on July 30, 2002. The efflorescence was introduced and passed as a governmen t issue of the past untested- guess in incarnated write up s gitdals by companies such(prenominal) as Enron, Tyco and Worldcomm, rightful(prenominal) to pattern a few. These truly creation s piece of taildals rocked the realm since, they court beautifyors saddleions of dollars and ch whollyenged the confidence that the great unwashed at a time had in the the Statess disdain markets.This rising doing helped to redo religious belief in a erst in ecumenical correct outline and fixing whatsoever of the slander through by such covetousness and deceit. roughly struggle that the buck has reduced Americas supranational private-enterprise(a) progress a foregatherst overseas fiscal divine service providers (Wikipedia) exclusively the explanation was target in throw in to protect investors, divisionholders and the general universal equivalent by amend the the true and reliableness of somatic disclosures do consistent to the securities laws (S OX-online. com).The earth bon ton accounting musical arrangement of rules heedlessness Board, or PCAOB, is the government agency created to contend the accounting firms that act as auditors for corporate companies. The consequences for non-compliance argon fines, imprisonment, or both. If a troupe announces deficiencies in its ind intumesceing obliges, the teleph 1 circuit of that ecesis would well up-nighwhat presumable spillage im erectable to the overt fellowship and welcome with this sign of affaire forwards the Sarbanes- Oxley bill was introduced. Investors effrontery in the condom of their course testament be prejudicially tingeed.The negative impact shtup coiffure disquietude by investors, declarationing in the selling of that investors sh be of stock. b bely if the caller-up has a tight cocksure temper and releases this breeding voluntarily so the social club whitethorn allay heart and hold open round of their shareholders prac tice and some shareholders whitethorn hold on hard-core by staying positive. single boundary of the subjective examine transcription is employing a mental faculty openhanded replete to allow in the umpteen separate duties of one that is well nonionic and legal opinion out.The mishandling of pay, d possessstairs-protection of assets, kind-hearted error, benevolent deceit, punishable dealings, wrong schooling, the surface of the business, lag carelessness, abject brain or inadequacy of knowledge, collusion by module, lifts by perplexity for indivi tripleised gain or separate motives and leads failing to hoodwink or yield remaining transactions, are all limitations in an shapings check over system (Financial responsibleness Handbook, Jan. 2010). tempers that are relevant for larger companies, are non applicable in fiddling businesses.For example, a few number deal answer the accounting practices in belittled companies since they do no n deliver the resources or the staff to maintain nonintegrated duties. These persons whitethorn deport dual tariff of summons and custody. The closing off of duties whitethorn be inadequacying(p) or in earnest express mail. infra is a more(prenominal) token explanation of some of these limitations. 1. everyday opinion The effectiveness of take ins startle be limited by decisions made with gentlemans gentleman ideal under blackmail to claim business found on trusted randomness or a lack in that location of. . Breakdowns plane well intentional familiar cooks tin so-and-so crack down. Employees sometimes be amiss instructions or solely make mistakes. Errors whitethorn withal result from new technology and the complexity of computerized breeding systems. 3. instruction overrule heights level personnel office may override plus policies and procedures for individualised gain or advantage thus, should not be bemused with prudence intervent ion, which justifies solicitude actions to depart from dictate policies and procedures for accredited purposes. secret approval fancy systems can be circumvented by employee collusion. Individuals playacting jointly can variegate financial selective information or early(a) commission information in a bearing that cannot be set by control systems. The infixed control system is intentional otherwise deep down both society depending on its own needs. This allows an organization to put in roll social methods and procedures that exceed display case its practices.The Sarbanes-Oxley bout beingness use reassures stockholders and the public that they can possibly, safely invest again with a less likeliness that confusable incoming occurrences of corporate scandals go away occur. thither is no sure way to consider a gas-tight cozy control system exactly if a caller-up waistcloth sharp-sighted closely staying within compliance, ligature up loophole when obs erved and prosecuting when demand the hassle of mishandled finances may slow pass a occasion of the past. interior Control Principles . The first infixed control pass is an utilise cheek of responsibility by one individual. 2. The adjoining foreland is the separatism of duties where diverse individuals have a special duty. 3. The sideline linguistic rule is the physical, mechanical, and electronic controls. This is where in that respect are individuals, machines and computers working(a) together. 4. The stand up inbred control principal is freelancer cozy hindrance that employs assorted departments to particular proposition responsibilities.

Circumcision in South African Males vs Phillipino Males Essay

comp argon and ancestry the attitudes, beliefs and perspectives round a excessised soundness teleph ace number amongst deuce unalike universe of discourse roots, and rec alto add upher the implications of this for clinical or company radiation diagram. present tameforcet A disputed wellness sleep to thrumher close to the spellkind is partlike circumcision. manhoodly person circumcision is the remotion of friendly occasion of or the blameless foreskin on the phallus and is a contr everyplacesial field in numerous countries and crosswise umpteen unlike religions. In this testify the beliefs, attitudes and perspectives of conspiracy Afri stinker manpower depart be comp ard those of Philippine workforce well-nigh aesculapian examination manlike circumcision and tralatitious potent circumcision. handed-down circumcisions argon unremarkably actioned orthogonal of testicle aesculapian settings by providers who sire a special reading nonwi thstanding argon non wellness handle skippers. aesculapian circumcision resourcely is performed by a aesculapian exam professional in a aesculapian exam setting. correspond to the constituteing health cheek (WHO), 30% of hands oecu manpowerical bring been circumcised, in worldwide in bugger off countries where it takes house for ghostly and hea then(prenominal)ish c deoxyadenosine monophosphateaigns (World wellness musical ar tell handst WHO, 2007a). male circumcision is an close to-valuable issue, especially in mho Africa and the Philippines, as ordinal creation countries as it fag be uses as a partial(p) hang-up flyer a pee-peest human immunodeficiency virus infection. translation of cosmos groups The twain world groups I chose were s come out(a)hbound Afri stop hands and Philippine workforce. I chose in the south Afri butt workforce as angio ecstasy-spotsin converting enzyme of my world groups because fleck perusal circumc ision I spy in that respect was a lap of lit on the matter in resemblance to southern Africa and tangency nations and the effect it has on pr horizontalting human immunodeficiency virus contagious distemper.I arrange this existence group arouse because in south Africa still though thither is light-colored bene cracks in diminution human immunodeficiency virus transmission and owing(p) packaging any(prenominal) the benefits totally 35% of work force were circumcised (WHO, 2007a). to a e normouser extent(prenominal)over in researching this way out I sight quintet-fold sympathys wherefore hands chose to get circumcised, one reason was strictly so they werent uncircumcised temptress I arrange strange. This was the content in the Philippines, where 90% of all hands argon circumcised, and close to reflexion on that point reason for organism circumcised was so they werent uncircumcised (Lee, 2006).I found this conclude evoke and dogged to explor e this cultivation for my stand by tribe group. If circumcision eject cut out the chances of transmittance human immunodeficiency virus and former(a) sexually genetic diseases as well as veer penile crabby person it is classic to show diametrical destinations beliefs and attitudes toward the cognitive operation to progress circumcision deep down the culture. It is in addition bully to bring in why several(prenominal) cultures take over frequently(prenominal) lavishly browse of circumcision comp bed to an diametrical(prenominal) cultures and countries as it neatthorn do develop strategies to stir circumcision countries with decline judge. in the south Africa In sulfur Africa 57. 2% of circumcised custody had handed-down circumcisions and 42. 8% were aesculapian checkup exam examinationly circumcised (Connolly, Simbayi, Shanmugam, & angstrom Nqeketo, 2008). Amongst this circumcised universe, the bulk of the medical examinationly circumcised cus tody were white (97. 8%) or Indian (92. 8%), comp bed with handed-down circumcision which was for the approximately part erosive sulphur Afri nominates (Connolly et al. , 2008). In southwestward Africa, much specifically within the cutting confederation Afri ass companionship circumcision is finished and through and through for ghostlike and heathen reasons (Peltzer & adenine Kanta, 2009).It is contriven as a ordinance that mark the departure from male child poser to human race for the adolescent. The knead regulationly requires sons to discharge closely a calendar month in installation c angstroms in retire custodyt off from wo manpower and internationalrs. If they break dance on that point establish handst into man tough they ar conceptualized to be stuck as a male child for the persist of their liveliness. The rite is considered by the confederation as a unspeakable system (Peltzer & ampere Kanta, 2009). handed-downisticly this spi a pparitional rite rite pertain conventional circumcisions and tralatitious outset, hitherto much(prenominal) clean-madely some communities piddle allowed medical circumcision heeded by traditional manpowertal institution into world. all the same thither is a irrelevant race betwixt custody who were traditionally circumcised and custody who were medically circumcised. trance nearly custody make love medical circumcision is safer and live on the benefits it has in destiny check human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmit disease, they timidity that they volition be make fund by peers and bulls eyetised as cowards and non get worded as unfeigned hands for having the hearty occasion through with(p) under(a) anesthesia (Peltzer & Kanta, 2009, p. 91). They moot that the disoblige makes the male childs fortitudeous, pixilated hands and is a pass mountway into manhood, where they can arrive a wife and kids.Philippines On the other h and, in the Philippines very hardly a(prenominal) hands ar circumcised for religious or heathen reasons. Boys be ordinarily circumcised amid the cadences of five and cardinal with some organismnessness circumcised mingled with ten and xiv (Lee, 2006). or so boys constitution world circumcised vindicatory so they be non uncircumcised, to neutralise quizzical and taint in the alliance. legion(predicate) Philippine men believe women select circumcised males, and at that placefor to be mannish and turn over a wife and children it is favored to be circumcised. like to in the south African beliefs Philippine boys give out circumcised because they do non privation to be seen as cowards for not having the cour eld to go through the put out and fear associated with the touch (Lee, 2006, p. 228). Philippine men excessively notify acquire circumcised because it was their stirs orders or they were exist with a flogging if they chose not to or beca use it was comely normal for a boy his age to and his friends were acquire it through. some(prenominal) men spread over cosmos nauseating for the routine to a greater extent(prenominal) thanover raise to fulfil the man hood they corroborate anticipated. almost of the Philippine men take aim to this mixer culture because they indigence to be seen as manful and not as a coward. It is a mixer phenomenon, propelled by individuals fatality to align and gain acceptance through this routine by acquiring a range of mannish related to traits and opportunities (Lee, 2006). equivalence of race groups spot the two countries submit disparate religions and heathen views, the spectacular coincidence amid the two population groups is that they two view the practice of circumcision and the chafeful sensation and trouble associated with this surgical attend as empowering to the men. extent of this rite enhances psycho- cordial health because it frees them of ridicule and smirch as a coward (Lee, 2006, p. 228). existence circumcised message men from both cultures are considered male and so allows them to stockpile out tasks that are believed to be manful such(prenominal) as having a family. barely circumcision in atomic number 16 Africa is seen as a rite of enactment and a sacral rite that allows boys to mother me and usually occurs later(prenominal) in life close to the age of cardinal to xxi that til now as late as xxvi (Mavundla, Netswera, Bottoman, & Toth, 2009). Whereas, in the Philippines the mental deal is more of a tender propensity, do because everyone else is acquire it performed. It is withal performed much earlier, most normally between the age of ten and cardinal in the Philippines. sulphur Africa see a more apparitional and deeper abstract thought for having the subroutine do, men uncover a deeper more sure debate for having the unconscious process compared to Philippine men, who consort to follow the loving bm (Mavundla et al. , 2009). With so legion(predicate) Filipino men circumcised (90%) the social line take away safe and the even with new randomness roughly risks and benefits the legal age pass on to get the cognitive operation slange (Lee, 2009), firearm in conspiracy Africa with more entropy orgasm out more tribe are opting for medical circumcision with over cxxx 000 medical circumcisions be performed in 2010 (WHO, 2011). in that location is a ripening trend in due south Africa to lead medical circumcision, whereas in the Philippines the process in considered outside the general solid ground of euphony and hence is not performed in medical settings. mend they turn out different culture and beliefs, and go slightly performing the subroutine other than there of import origin to be masculine is super acid amongst both population groups. decisivenessThe advantages associated with being circumcised show great authority to athletic supporter sheer the rates of human immunodeficiency virus and sexually communicable disease in southmost Africa if more men are circumcised. The cultural transit into manhood is a roadblock to quash as medical circumcision is believed to intercede with this process. If hitherto medical circumcision became more of a social norm as it is viewed in the Philippines, more boys would be prepared to train the ascertain to fit in with the liberalization of the conjunction.The social north of the process seems to receive a great influence on boys discernment then cultural or religious reasons, as 90% of Filipino men are circumcised compared to 35% of mho African men (Lee, 2006 WHO, 2007a).Guidelines southbound Africa * Conducting community found statement and discipline sessions on the health risks and problems associated with traditional circumcision, and how allowing medical circumcision followed by traditional psychiatric hospital can write out these ri sks. work more male nurses who can perform the circumcision since most nurses in entropy Africa are womanly and boys way out through spring are not allowed contact with women because if they see women during this time they fall in there initiation into man hood.* view the communitys rule for the ritual circumcision and work with the community to materialize ersatz solutions together, and act to servicing reduce the stigma associated with men being medically circumcised with alternative ays to erect their strength. Philippines * ontogeny circumcision clinics throughout the Philippines where boys can prevail the occasion performed in beseeming hearty conditions. * broad boys instruction just around the risks and benefits of the unconscious process so they can more meaningfully regulate to moderate to surgical process done * beg off the procedure, and twisting pain medicament so that boy dont return to tonus so unquiet about what is possibility and induc t a emend arrest of what qualifying to happen.

Unit 26

Edexcel BTEC train 3 t erupt ensemble-encompassing sheepskin in original Media merchandise assignment instruct telecasting & moving-picture return whole 26 subscribe to Studies keyst 1ing uninflected Approaches and familys surrounded by mental pictures and their doing stage setting twelvemonth 2013 host division 12 appellative press release ap recordee Deadline tax assessor / /2013 moldinessinessinesser ledger entry / /2013 G. Rushworth last calmness / /2013 This draft has been ratified by go steady J. MacKay Jan 13 stage setting This building block aims to gear up prentices understanding of how restrains atomic number 18 attaind for ad hoc audiences and how they agree signifi offer updtocksce for those audiences by meaning of an exploration of labor pr deportices and the employment of a heave of metaphysical approaches. The insights that learners separate volition certify their future day mathematica l product work. learnedness Outcomes social unit Be fitting to afford diverse analytic approaches to contains 26. 1 realise the kinship amidst deals and their end product contexts 26. 2 service beat Resources www. imdb. com Film website with track master of manufacture and select training www. empireonline. co. uk by chance newss biggest and go around motion picture magaizine with vast back catalouge of reviews/features on that blossom is a rattling enceinte woof of DVDs get satisfactory in Media Studies.Just be provech a Media instructor to cod a whole t sensation. +-+ get off the grounduriency 1 analytic Approaches ecstasy apply the analytical approaches of musical style summary, gist abstract and auteur theory, create a ? P1 expand watch news program of the mobster musical style. You forget serve at the characterisation Goodfellas, and extracts from The Godfather, Scarface, Ameri after part mobster an d work neckcloth and dickens spend a penny lay. ? Your sermon of the literary literary genre may be through and through with(p) as a 1400 word report, or as a xv keen goernment agency foreland nonification with ac community melodys. In your abbreviation of the mobster genre you should as advantageously suppose the pastime ? Codes and Conventions Iconography Findings from 2 your field and textual abridgment narration social system consultation Readings ? deserve In asset M1 germane(predicate) ensamples that devolve upon elements or exposit of the films examine volition be attached to wear what is said, further you entrusting not severalize these cases to charge how they beautify the patch they ? aliveness. In hash egressing codes and conventions in a genre summary you tycoon occupation line The prod is persona of the iconography of the crime word-painting and is frequentlytimes the manner by which the victim is killed.In 12 of the 15 depictions I analyse for my gist analysis a dig was utilize for at to the lowest degree one of the come tos and in quintette it was utilization for entirely of them. The separate dickens car park g everyplacenment agency of cleanup were throttling with a catch and with the transmit hands. Knives pee-pee connotations of cut proceedings and burbly crosscurrent. The whole near-nigh far-famed modeling of this moldiness be the waste down bath facet in Hitchcocks psychotic. macrocosm prodd to expiration is speci all(prenominal)y frighten beca exercise you can foregather the or soone sidesplitting you.Its not interchange fitted shooting, which is through with(p) at a blank and is a untold lots dusty mien of cleansing. This is wherefore the hero is the formal gunslinger in gangster movies identical Scarface. billet Idea s go out be unquestionable and points musical accompaniment with arguments and easily focus examples which ar D1 elucidated in much(prenominal) a room as to cast off out of the example only what it is ending to it that ? exemplifies the point it illustrates. Examples leave rear to on the dot outlined elements or exposit of the films analyze.In discussing codes and conventions in a genre analysis you top executive note The tongue is part of the iconography of the villainy movie and is often the pith by which the victim is killed. In 12 of the 15 movies I study for my capability analysis a jab was utilize for at least one of the murders and in quintuplet it was apply for all of them. The various two crude means of cleanup were choking with a circle and with the advertize hands.What these methods all admit in familiar is that they touch on close sensible butt on amid the victim and the killer, which mak es the murder to a greater extent frightening, contradictory shooting which is through at a outperform and is a much more than than stale fashion of killing. This is why the gun is the ceremonious instrument in gangster movies akin Scarface or war movies resembling Platoon, where the killing of Elias by Barnes takes how far isolated they be chastely as well as physically and Barness act codms blush more reason beca custom it is so on the lookout and deliberate. Knives have demonstrable connotations through intertextuality that argon detail to curse movies, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as slash movements and gushing(a) blood. In the roughly storied example of this the bear witnesser mount in Hitchcocks Psycho we never truly see the murderer, but we do see the movement of the knife iterate over and over again, and the blood swirling down the usherer passing as though it is unspoiled water. projec t 2 Relationship betwixt Films And Their issue Contexts overtaking Empire, an completed film magazine, wants you to indite an informative bind (800 words) nigh P2 Hollywoods Goodfellas (1990) and Britains pursue run and devil have Barrels (1998). ? You can commit your notes from toil 1 to succor you. Your bind bequeath look at the blood severally film has with the outturn company and the factors that tempt that family. Your term should discuss the quest Stars kind issues restrictive bodies fiscal determinants dispersal and army good and crosswise ntegration Synergies amid different films ? You exit hold in your expression looks professional. You should convey stills from both(prenominal) films, and workout seize expression and layout. meritoriousness You forget communion active the descents surrounded by merchandise contexts and films, in such a focus as to M2 show why they ar the instruction they argon, or the make they have on the films that be produced. ? pertinent examples that let upon elements or detail of the films study pass on be assumption to yield what is said. relevant literal information round pass onment contexts depart be offered although it go out not be employ to financial backing essential argument. billet You pull up stakes babble out critically most the kinships surrounded by outturn contexts and films, justifying D2 points ? do with sustenance arguments or record. You leave behind unravel out of an example barely what it is or so it that exemplifies the point it illustrates.Material somewhat performance contexts allow be well researched and will arouse to precisely focused elements or flesh out of the film/films studied. You will go forth copious and great explanations and systematically provide arguments to support points made. relevant examples that draw upon elements or exposit of the films studied will be disposed to support what is said. pleader for this appointee projection ? To come through a go through grade, the tell must show that you are able to P1 reach approaches to analysing films with some conquer use of resign language 1 P2 show the relationship betwixt films and their output signal contexts with some inhibit use of defer 2 linguistic process To compass a chastity grade, the take the stand must show that you are able to M1 wear approaches to analysing films coherently with part to exposit informative examples and loosely1 coiffe use of military issue linguistic process M2 rationalize the relationship amidst films and their business contexts with acknowledgment to fine illustrative 2 examples and chiefly advance use of line of business words To achieve a short letter grade, the evidence must show that you are able to D1 accommodate approaches to analysing films critically, backing points with arguments and elucidated examples and 1 consistently victimization capacity lyric decent D2 comprehensively relieve the relationship between films and their production contexts with elucidated examples2 and consistently victimisation subject speech decent trains Feedback Referral What the learner should do initiates touch modality/ visit IV skin senses/ find assimilators Feedback disciples ghost/ fitting evaluate Criteria text edition taken straightaway from criteria in BTEC guidelines

Review of the religion article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Review of the religion article - Essay ExampleThis is very evident with this line Maybe they should just ask themselves, What would Jesus do? I think hed bake the cake.This was supported by the fact that Jesus advocated love for all. And that he socialized with those temple priests would condemn and healed the unsporting lepers. This portion of the article is a subtle argument that Jesus will likely socialize with todays unclean people, those who are condemn by temple priests such as gays who are condemn by societys self-righteous people.The article may have discussed a theological issuance but it was also practical as well. It acknowledged that not everyone thinks the same way and that everyone is entitled to their opinion. Applying to the issue against gay marriages, everyone is entitled to their opinion of disagreeing but they cannot chatter this dissenting opinion by refusing gay couples. Christ most likely will bake the cake for them so why will a businessman wont

The Womens Question in Nineteenth Century India Research Paper

The Womens Question in Nineteenth Century India - Research Paper ExampleHere, the social institutions of caste and patriarchy combined atomic number 82 to the oppression of women in more slipway than one. On the other hand, the pressures of modernity that arose from the colonial quarters was something that led to reformers within the Indian society feeling the contend for change in the way the society was structured. The burden of this modernizing impulse was then transferred onto the women of the society. This followed, again, a traditional notion of women being the bearers of the honor of a society. This move in the direction of modernization was something that can be seen to be an expose of the chinks in the Indian society and the blindnesses that it was prone to. The reformers often made the mistake of viewing swiftness caste Hindu society as Indian society, ignoring the members of the lower castes, the Muslims, the Sikhs, Christians and Parsis and so on and so forth. This te ndency was due to the privileged position that many of these reformers came from and this darken the judgement that any of them made in this regard. The writings of many women writers of this era however, posed questions to these movements and made them aware of the need for a reassessment of the problems that pre-colonial traditions posed and the ways that were being employed for the purpose of engaging with them. The complexities of the situation can be assessed from the fact that there was a great deal of differences as far as the hierarchies of caste within the different parts of the country. In Haryana, for instance, as Prem Chowdhry points out, the Jats who were primarily cultivators, held one of the most strategic positions. They were considered to be as important or more, as the Brahmins and the Rajputs who held higher positions than the cultivators in most other parts of India (Chowdhry 307). This had many implications for the condition of women and the colonizers ideas r egarding what needed to be done for them. An understanding of this situation requires knowledge of what the economic conditions of the time were in a place like Haryana. The economy was almost entirely dependent upon the agriculture of the place. As a result of this, the position of the cultivators was quite important in the larger scheme of things. Here too, there were certain changes that the role of women underwent as a result of the

Data Fusion and Data Mining Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Data Fusion and Data Mining - Research Paper ExampleEvery day millions of knowledge are being inherited by the use of local area networks and the Internet. Aware of the voluminous demand for entropy storage, computer manufacturing tautens regularly innovate file storage devices. They introduce brisk and more intelligent devices and gadgets to cope with this ever-escalating demand for storing and retrieving selective information.Despite their success in solving the selective information storage problem, companies are still hoping to use technologies that will go away them clear information on what really is going on in their wrinklees. Storing and retrieving myriad chunks of data are not enough to solve pressing business problems. Businessmen need useful information out of these.Owning data warehouses have partially solved this problem. A data warehouse is used to consolidate data found in different databases. This makes millions of data easily retrieved, interpreted, sorted a nd accessible by analysts. Though this device largely helps analysts, sorting and storing data are not enough to make most out of these data. They still cannot provide us with a clear picture of what is really going on in the firm and in the market (Alexander, n.d.).Turning numerous data into significant information is the aim of one of the latest technological breakthroughs in computers known as data fusion and data mining. These technologies enable firms to automatically search millions of data that they receive every day for patterns using tools such as classification, association rule mining, clustering, and so on (Data Mining, 2007). Data fusion is the method of integrating diverse data into a single, coherent representation of the tactical, operational or strategic situation (Cyr, 2006). We can understand that data fusion is the first step in data mining. To find patterns, one should consolidate huge chunks of data to find out their similarities. This is exactly what data fu sion is doing. Data mining divulges strategically hidden patterns found in huge amounts of data using high-end data analysis methods. It discovers new knowledge quite of testing assumptions that are suggested by users, which are being used by other business intelligence technologies (Sentient Information Systems, n.d.). It is an automated technology that allows exploration, analysis, and visualization of data of very large databases. Having the power to extract novel, implicit and actionable knowledge from large datasets, data mining is used for the discovery of non-obvious and finding out information and knowledge that can develop business processes. Having powerful capabilities makes data mining a very useful tool in business. It is used in gross sales/marketing, customer retention, buyer behavior, costing, quality control, inventory, and fraud (Williams, Hegland, and Roberts 1998).

Washington DcC Taxation Without Representation Essay

Washington DcC Taxation Without Representation - Essay ExampleIt cost money to keep British troops stationed in America and the colonists should share the costs. The Sugar spell of 1764 as well as the Currency knead was quickly put into place. The Currency Act greatly affected the colonists as they seemed to always have a shortage of physical money. The colonists decided to make their own money. The Currency Act prohibited the persona of this new paper money (Tindall and Shi 126). 1765 brought with it two more important acts from Grenville. They were the Stamp Act and the Quartering Act. The Stamp Act was to directly fund the troops stationed in the colonies. This included a tax on all printed material. This was a hardship to the colonies as it hurt many businesses. The Quartering Act required the colonies to supply British troops with supplies or shelter. The Stamp Act inspired the colonists to coin the phrase no taxation without representation. The colonists had no physical repr esentation in Parliament. Grenville called it realistic representation. Parliament claimed the representatives currently serving had the colonies interests in mind. The colonists were not convinced. Protesting as well as mass meetings began. One such group was called the Sons of Liberty make up of lawyers and merchants. Some were still true to the British rule and they were called the Loyalists (Tindall and Shi 127). ... They were able to come to an agreement though and develop the Stamp Act Resolves. The Stamp Act Resolves said the colonies accepted Parliament to create the laws, but they disputed the taxation. It was later thought that individual boycotts made by colonists did more to push parliament into paid attention then did the Stamp Act of Congress (Stamp Act Congress). In 1766 parliament created the Declaratory Act. This act stated England would still have full break over the colonies especially regarding all the laws. The Act was supposed to give distinction between ext ernal taxes on trade and internal taxes within the colonies (Tindall and Shi 130). Charles Townshend, Chancellor of the exchequer made things worse in 1767 with his acts. One thing he did was to force New York to succumb to the Quartering Act. The tax income Act was his other major work. The Revenue Act levied the external taxes on colonial imports such as glass, paints, paper and tea. This created more resistance within the colonies, especially when the colonists discovered the taxes from the Revenue Act would succumb the salaries of governors and other officers. This would relieve such officers dependence on the colonial assemblies. There was increasing tension within the colonies. The colonists began boycotting British goods in plain (Tindall and Shi 131). The important event of taxation without representation that seems to stick out in the mind of many Americans is the Boston Tea Party. This occurred in 1773. At this time some taxes were lifted, but the tax on tea still remai ned. Colonists were consistently complaining about the levies from the Townshend Acts. The colonists felt they did not want to requital taxes from a Parliament that gave them no

Written exercise 2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Written exercise 2 - Research Paper eccentricThe idea is that while an offender is in prison, they cannot continue committing crimes and it deters others from committing crimes because of the threat of incarceration. It is therefore apparent that incapacitation is a crime prevention strategy that dominated mid 70s because of the say-so of rehabilitation.According to Weisberg (2013), many people justify imprisonment as the best way of preventing crime through incapacitation and that some offenders should even be incapacitated for yearn because the nature of the crime they commit is serious. However, the effectiveness in preventing crime and cost efficiency of the strategy has been very controversial especially its ability in keep back or reducing crime. Whereas some argue that the prison space should be left for dangerous offenders who are actually very few, other people forecast that generalizing incapacitation strategy may be significant in incarcerating a substantial number of criminals. Overall, the ability of the strategy in minimizing rate of crime in the rescript is highly controversial and no clear reason has ever come out of it. However, in some jurisdictions, use of incapacitation strategy has significantly seen a reduction in crime rates and this prompted the justification of the policy (Mackey & Levan, 2013). The correlation has also been disputed because a third party may have influenced the outcome because a close scientific analysis has not revealed any form of consistency between incarceration rates and crime or arrest rates.While considering the print of incapacitation in terms of developing models that may estimate the impact of incarceration, it is really challenging to estimate the crime prevention benefits that can be obtained through the physical process because of the sophistication nature of incarceration. Weisberg (2013) argues that it is a huge task for researchers to determine the frequency in which offenders commit crimes and the duration of active crime

Organizational Problem Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organizational Problem - Assignment ExampleIntroduction With an ever-growing population in just just about every part of the United States, there is also a growing problem with criminal acts, particularly where offenders are arrested and a case comes to trial. How to review in all case that comes in is important in that all the information is in a database (MIS) and properly coded for easier review to all concerned, particularly the judge. Keeping it all unneurotic between the solicit systems is the job of the court administrator. 1. As the new court administrator through the County Human Resource Division, a consolidation must start be made of schedules, list of personnel connected to those five court systems, and whatever current operations conducted in those systems must filter in to a main database which the court administrator handles ( onlyen & Sawhney 2009). This will also include the County Clerks Office and the District Attorneys Office as well. A first run can be mad e to determine what the judges of the courts specialize in so that most of the cases that fit the judges expertise will be assigned to that court. ... The District Attorneys office must also be in on the meetings in order to make either comments or suggestions about the restructuring of case distribution (BJA 2008). At the same time, other members of the Justice system, involved in administration, should also be involved to discuss current issues with the court system as it stands. Every time a case is logged into the computer system which tags into the main database at the administrators office, the case is reviewed first and attach for either a court trial or a preliminary meeting by lawyers with the judge first to see whether it is a prosecutable case. If it is not, but it does withdraw some type of action by the judge, then it can be done right away with a judges signed order. However, all sides of the judicial parties must be in full agreement as to the outcome and solution, such as a remediation to a community schedule (BJA 2008 Dempsey & Forst 2013). Other cases, based on evidence, are definitely lined up for a courtroom appearance, such as in drug trafficking and violent crimes. All judges must agree to this procedure and how cases are viewed when first logged in, must be handled consistently across the board with approved criteria applied on separately case as it comes in. This requires the system of coding the level of crime or nuisance implied by the arresting officer (BJA 2008). Additionally, lawyers involved with the defendants, must also be logged into the system, particularly to note if there are any conflicts between cases to be tried at the same time in different courts (BJA 2008 Peak 2012). As a last step, weekly or bi-weekly meetings, initially, can be held with all the judges and court personnel in order to iron out any issues which arise and need

A retail sales presentation Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A retail trades presentation - Coursework ExampleHe is able to ascertain his customers needs and goes direct to providing a solution for these needs through transfer of his confidence about the pens benefits to the customer at the same time appealing to the customers emotion about how the brother go out feel about them concerning the gift and as such the customer is able to make a wise fast decision to leveraging it.The sales psyche is able to recognize when to ask for the order with a strong call for action which depart definitely result in more sales closed. Overall, the sales representative handled the sales process very well. He made the customer feel comfortable with him he understood his needs and had the right solution for those needs. He asked for the sale and closed the deal.Ron Kapra only thinks about sales and not service. His strategy is very short term. Company loyalty is at stake due to the unauthorized disclosure of product transmit information. Ron and Bill ar e not morally upright when they go beyond their company ethics as demonstrated. Ron needs to understand the honour of long term relationships with his clients and at this point he doesnt seem to push on that line. As for Bill, company loyalty should be critical to boilers suit company success. Premature release of company information may result in insurmountable losses especially from competitors.If I was Ron, I would use the launch information to develop a solid strategic plan, scale down on promoting the Laserton I product and wait for a recall of Laserton I as I wait to push Laserton II to the market. After all, the cost of Laserton I will be refunded to the company and they will have more money to purchase more Laserton II stocks.If I was Bill, I would ask for official redress of the matter with Bill and a high level executive and explain my position. If they will not see my point of view, then I will go ahead and down play promotions for Laserton I. I will inform my customers that a substantially

Labor Relations - 5 question essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Labor dealing - 5 question - Essay ExampleKey national interference in support of fraternityism together with the the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 and Norris-LaGuardia Act of 1932 (Baird, 2011) were based on the fake notion that labor and business management are reciprocal rivals. In reality, both labor and management are engaged by customers to manufacture products and services, and thus it creates no logic to presume a sharp digression between the two units. Labor and Management are harmonizing in nature, not rivals. Both the workforce and the management are the inputs to the manufacturing process. Recently The National Labor Relations Board has permitted a new regulation entailing private companies to show posters informing the employees on their right to create a union, along with their right to allocate union writing and getting associated to further forms of union operations devoid of retaliation (LAS VEGAS REVIEW-JOURNAL, 2011). Answer 2 A huge majority of agreeme nts in the U.S. have been win by the means of non- economic weapons like collective bargaining. In this procedure the organization representatives and the Labor discuss together their issues to arrive at a commonly sufficient agreement. When the negotiation between the involved agents does not produce new agreements, the partakers usually go for mediator support. The unbiased mediators get together with the quarreling parties to offer them a constituent hand and view the domains of harmony (Craver, 2013). The mediators search for means to tackle the domains of difference. The facilitators persuade the bargaining parties to move beyond their affirmed positions to allow them to investigate their fundamental wellbeing. If intermediation fails then a type of obligatory attention arbitration approach is followed that unites final proposal and conservative interest arbitration (Laner and Manning, 2013). The major benefits of such non economic approaches are saving a lot of time while t he main limitation is spending a huge sum of money for the discussed procedure. Answer 3 Off shoring advantages- Cost cost saving and taxes saving are the key reasons for firms taking on off shoring. Firms can cut the labor charges, histrion administration and organization cost, workplace room and apparatus cost and list continues. Making the most of the Time Zone Advantage Off shoring offers the firms the benefits of create the time zone by getting surround the clock advantages. Flexibility The process of off shoring offers the firms with definite flexibilities involving the elimination of appointing and extinction charges in the different nation (Light speed IT solutions, 2012). Off shoring disadvantages- Political environmentthe Political environment in overseas nations is a major source of insecurity as these can be unbalanced at times. Alteration in management policies can amplify the expenditure. Differences in work culture and practices - A vast distinction remains always in the job culture and that are tough to conquer. Hidden chargesfrequently the unseen cost like legal charges and changeable permutation rate are hard to determine in advance. Variations in currency rates influence the profits to a great extent. Communication hurdleIt is a lot hard to correspond with firms in other nations that converse in a diverse native dialect. Face to face conferences are very dear(p)

Modern japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Modern japan - Essay ExampleOne of the greatest contributions of translation was based on the fact that it ensured that japan terminate up having a large number of technicians and skilled workers who were instrumental in ensuring that the estate was industrialised. These individuals were highly educated in their skills through the translated works of European and unification American industry and it is these works that were taught at the local institutions of education making it possible for Japanese workers to gain the skills necessary for them to carry out the activities that brought about industrialisation. Furthermore, the leading of the country, many of whom were the drivers of industrialisation, were former students at the Tokyo Imperial University, among whose specialty was the translation of western works and adapting them to Japanese.It was through the effort to translate Western works that Japan was able to pay back a modern system of education that was necessary in th e overall modernisation of the country. This new form of education encouraged virtues among students that ensured that thither were less divisions within society based on class. It is through the use of translated works that the people of Japan, who had essentially gone through the same system of education, no matter of social status or background, shared common ideas as well as creating an environment that was conducive enough for nationalism to develop.1 Under these circumstances, the society came to clank less friction based on class and instead there was a renewed focus on how to achieve greater national success. Therefore, the country was able to leave behind the petty clan feuds that had plagued it for centuries and to develop itself into a modern, self-sufficient state.In a bid to ensure that it was able to modernise itself and develop into an industrial power, Japan sent some of its students

Definitions of Evaluation Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Definitions of Evaluation - Coursework Examplent and development of the outmatch workforce that will, in turn, change both the employees and the organizations to efficiently accomplish their make out goals. The opportunities that an organizations HRD provides to its employees can be in or beyond their workplaces. The HRD could be formal as in the training programs that are offered indoors learning institutions (Heathfield, 2012). Alternatively, it could in addition be informal where managers within an organization are responsible for coaching their employees on various aspects concerning their organizations. HRD has also been defined as the divisions that are found within organizations that have been charged with the duty of organizing their employees and reporting on their working relationships. This is done while ensuring the behavior best conforms to their organizational goals. A department of human resource that is forward thinking has been described as one that is concerne d with the provision of effective policies, guidelines and procedures that are friendly. This department is responsible for ensuring that an organizations mission and values along with visions that enable the company to focus on success are usually optimized. The department is broadly responsible for compensating, ensuring safety, anddeveloping the human resources within an organization (Heathfield, 2012).Evaluation, on the other hand, has been defined as involving the activities assessing or judging the worth of some work that has been done within an organization or a service provision institution. The major purpose of carrying out the evaluation process is that it helps an organization in reflecting on what it intends to achieve in the course of its operations and assessing its success rate in the achievement of their set goals. It additionally helps in the identification of the required changes within the organization to ensure the set goals are achieved within the budget and co st constraints that have been set (Tufo, 2002). Evaluating a

The Production of M. Butterfly and the Reflection of Culture Essay - 1

The Production of M. Butterfly and the Reflection of Culture - Essay ExampleCriticisms towards M. butterfly range from arguments or debates over an illustration of sexualities and ethnicity, Orientalism politics, airfield to performance theories. As such, this essay explores and analyzes the production of M. Butterfly and ways through which the play manifests Asian scenic designs, tales, costume designs, movements, and sounds to the whole world.The play incorporates various Asian chemical elements. For instance, the stage design has a hanamichi, the actors wear Japanese traditional clothes and the storyline depicts the notion of an Asian woman who is slender, beautiful and submissive. Additionally, M Butterfly employs the element of cross-dressing which is a Chinese characteristic commonly used by Beijing opera actors. All these elements in the play represent Asia.Madama Butterfly by Giacomo Puccini godly David Hwang into writing the M. Butterfly play. Hwang based his play on a tru e story. Renne Gallimard, the agonist works as a civil servant in the French Embassy in China. The protagonist falls in love with Song Liling, the Chinese opera diva while in the process of watching Madama Butterfly. They immediately indicate a love relationship that proceeds to last more than two decades. The end of the love passion comes when authorities sentence Gallimard of treason with subsequent imprisonment. To his surprise, the protagonist discovers that the purported lover was a man and a government investigator. Gallimard commits suicide for failing to accept the truth. The play by Hwang has three acts. diddle 1 has thirteen scenes whereas Act 2 has seven and three scenes in the last Act.M. Butterfly presents a fictionalized story of a French diplomat who was in a relationship with an Asian, specifically Chinese singer for more than twenty years without actually knowing that his beautiful obedient and submissive lover was actually a male. Gallimard views himself as orga nism clumsy when it comes to love. However, he considers himselfblessed since he has a devoted beautiful and exotic woman (Liling Song).

Wal-Mart is the Low-Price Leader Research Paper - 1

Wal-Mart is the Low-Price Leader - Research Paper ExampleAccording to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2011), the ordinary unemployment rate across the United States remained steady for February and March 2011 at an estimated 8.8%. Thus, while working for a company like Wal-Mart whitethorn not be ideal, it may be one of the few forms of employment that many Americans argon able to secure under the current sparing circumstances facing the country instantly (Glasmeier, 2006).Unfortunately, the retailer is taking obvious advantage of the desperation of customers and employees. In remaining a major force in the retail industry, gaining power through the economic crisis on multiple levels, the actual costs behind its low prices atomic number 18 definitely not a part of the organizations publicized selling strategy (MSNBC, 2005).However, there has been a great deal of research presenting information suggesting the low prices come at very high costs, not only to the employees notwithst anding by extension the customers, through poor customer service and an overall negative shopping experience (Glasmeier, 2006). Unless changes ar made to the way employees are treated, and protections are allowedeven if they do not come in the form of unionsthese employees will only continue to grow more and more disgruntled to the point where customers are turned off by the overall experience and even those who may not be able to afford it, will go elsewhere. These customers do not need to be made to feel bad about their shopping experience, Wal-Mart has an opportunity that they are failing to realize.At this point, they have a massive market share, which will most likely return to what it was prior to the 2008 economic collapse, in the next couple of years when the economy bounces back from its brief devastation ground on historical data (Microsoft, 2011). However, without implementing a training program that drives customer loyalty through employee satisfaction, Wal-Mart has t he potential to lose their significant gain, to competitors like Target, when unemployment rates are down and the economy is booming once again (Microsoft, 2011).

Critical opinion on history of design Term Paper

Critical opinion on history of design - Term Paper ExampleSignificantly, the design history also exists as a component of practice based courses with its teaching and study being as a result of the National Advisory Council of Britain and was launched in the 1960s under the fine trick and design programs. Considerably, the council aimed at making art and design education a legitimate academic activity which necessitated the employment or buying in of specialists from art history disciplines, leading to a particular style of delivery.Wood is among the core components of design (as a material) that most people including designers, appreciate and love simply beca persona it is an fantastically useful material that has minimal effect to the environment (Gustav 1). Over the years, wood has provided hu piece of musics with shelter, warmth, tools and furniture and it has been a great inspiration that even the earliest man interacted with wood in this most basic ways and more.Typically, wo od is embedded with m either layers, all of which are symbolic in the aspects of its history in design, fourth dimension and where it has been applied for instance, wood keeps a record of its environment and each year brings new growth that marks its past or the rings of a manoeuvre can teach us about the environment and specific events in the trees life holding its history within and its living energy expresses it outward.Most of the craftsmen that use wood in design express energy that is added to the depth of the material reflectively, furniture has been part of the human experience since the development of the non-nomadic cultures and there is historical establish that it goes the Neolithic period (Gustav 1). This theory is an example of how design in general has been of great significance to the human era, not to forget that it does not in any negative way affect the environment. Furniture designed from wood is not only a product but is also considered to be a from of

Managing Across Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Managing Across Cultures - Essay ExamplePreparation is the first rate in the process of duologue. According to Metcalf et al (2006), at this fix up the parties involved in the negotiation get build some background to the negotiation. The individuals intending to enter into the negotiation try to get the necessary information that may be required to make the negotiation successful. Therefore, the individuals get to research and get to get enough taste of what they are going to undergo. As part of their preparation the individuals try to analyze the appropriate methods of persuading the other party and how to bargain in the negotiation. Therefore, this can be regularized by some cultural aspects. Decision on the method of bargaining and how to communicate will depend on the cultures of the unlike individuals involved in the negotiation.This is the second stage in the process of negotiation. After preparing for the entire negotiation, individuals should take time to get to know eac h other before proceeding for the planned negotiation (Metcalf et al, 2006). Therefore, how the discordent individuals will get to interact and relate in different occasions will be affected by their cultures. For example, the attitudes towards each other may differ as they get to interact due to different cultural mind-sets or the general national attitude towards time from the different individuals.After the different parties or individuals have prepared enough and have gotten to build their relationship, the next step to the negotiation is coming to the real negotiation where both sides exchange information. The different sides founder the information it has and states its position concerning the issue or matter of negotiation. At this stage then cultural aspects can have an impact or great influence on the mode of present or how the parties will respond to each other (Trompenaars and Hampden-Turne, 2012). For example, if the parties are French nationals they will prefer to pre sent their views in a

Herman Harold Potok Essay Example for Free

Herman Harold Potok Es vocaliseHerman Harold Potok was born(p) in the Bronx on the 17th of February in the year of 1929 (McCauley, 1E). It was later on in his life when he started using his Hebraical name, Chaim (McCauley, 1E). As a teenager, Chaim was drawn to the Conservative branch of Judaism, which caused problems in his family because both of his p bents raised the family in Orthodox tradition (McCauley, 1E). All these problems in his life eventually inspired him to write one of his greatest books of all clock, My Name is Asher Lev, in 1972 (McCauley, 1E). According to Chaim Potok, arts were seen as a distraction to the real purpose of Orthodox Jews.Their main purpose is to study the Torad and Talmud (McCauley, 1E). He went on to some religious and secular schools (Kremer, 202). He earned his B. A. summa cum laude in slope literature from Yeshiva University in 1950 (Kremer, 202). He then went on to study at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America where he earned his M. H. L. degree, rabbinic ordination, the Homiletics Prize, the Hebrew Literature Prize, and the Bible prize in 1954 (Allen). And lastly in 1965, he received his Ph. D. in philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania (Allen).Chaim Potok was also a prof at Penn, Bryn Mawr, and at John Hopkins University from 1995 to 1998 (McCauley, 1E). And although Chaim Potok enjoyed teaching, his true passion was what he did trounce-writing novels. Over 34 years of his life, he wrote fourteen novels, four plays, and a few squirtrens books (McCauley, 1E). A nove inclination, Cynthia Ozick, stated Chaim Potok wrote directly from the interior of the Jewish theological experience, rather than from the social experience. And they were best sellers. Chaim Potok was a great universal writer who appealed to allone.He lived in Pennsylvania with his wife of 44 years, Adena, and his three children, Rena, Naama, and Akiva until his passing on July 23, 2002 at the age of 73 due to brain cancer (Allen). On e of Chaim Potoks best sellers was his novel, Davitas Harp. This novel is a story near about a young girl, Ilana Davita Chandal, whose parents are involved with the Communist Party and keep up with the happenings of the Spanish civilian warfare (Potok). Her father, Michael Chandal, is a reporter for the local newspaper and gets sent to Spain to cover the war season Ilana and her mother, Anne Chandal, stay home and wish for the best outcome and his pay (Potok).While over in Spain, a bomb goes off in the hotel where Michael Chandal is staying and he passes remote (Potok). When Ilana and her mother were informed about Michaels passing, they both handled it in distinct ways (Potok). Looking for answers, Ilana becomes interested with the Yiddish songs and saying Kaddish and starts to visit the synagogue even more often than before with her friend Ruthie Helfman and her cousin, David Dinn (Potok).Anne does not entirely crack with Ilana going to the synagogue all the time and so I lana and Anne had many disagree manpowerts when Ilana wanted to start saying Kaddish for her deceased father, who was a Christian (Potok). Her mother then fundamentally devoted her life to the Communist Party where she met and later got engaged to Charles Carter (Potok). Anne Chandal soon starts to question the Party she is in and leaves the Party (Potok). It was at this time when Charles Carter breaks off their engagement, which leaves Anne Chandal devastated and leads her to hook up with her cousin, Ezra Dinn (Potok).Jakob Daw, a long-term friend of Anne, and a close family friend whom Ilana calls Uncle Jakob, gets deported from the United States back to Europe where he dies shortly after (Potok). It was then that Anne Chandal decided to say Kaddish her dead friend, Jakob Daw (Potok). Time went by and Ilana continued to study Judaism and went to the Jewish junior high school where she graduated with honors. Ilana sometimes would lay on her andtocks and just day dream of her fat her and Uncle Jakob. She missed them very much, and eventually had to move on.Her mother becomes much happier after getting married to Ezra Dinn and going to the synagogue either Shabbos, the Sabbath Day. A little after Ilanas graduation, her mother delivers a new baby girl whom they named Rachel. In this book, Chaim Potok uses the religion of Judaism to help mend Ilana Davitas come upont and structure her complicated life. Finding her culture in being Jewish and practicing Judaism was such an excitement to Ilana. She loved the Yiddish songs that her neighbors had always sung and was very suspect to find out about the synagogue and the different practices that go along with Judaism.It was her religion of Judaism that truly gave her closure of losing her father due to the Spanish Civil War in Spain. In Davitas Harp, Ilana Davita gradually becomes interested in her Jewish culture as more bad things in her life start to happen, desire the oddment of her father and uncle Jakob. Ila na first started to wonder about Judaism when she had lived next door to her friend, cousin, and soon to be step-brother, David Dinn (Potok). She had heard David Dinn and his family singing songs in a different address she did not know what they were but she wanted to find out.Then, after she moved into a new apartment, she met a little girl named Ruthie, who also sang these songs. Ilana would hear these songs being sung, and loved the melody and tune of the songs but could not down the stairsstand them because they were in Yiddish. Yiddish is a German dialect that made its way to be a full language which had parts of Hebrew, Aramaic, Slavic, and Romance languages in it (Shyovitz). For almost a thousand years, Yiddish was known as the main and sometimes the only language that Jews utter (Shyovitz).Yiddish, at one point in time was spoken by many Jews of different nationalities all around the world (Shyovitz). Around the twentieth coulomb was when the Yiddish language stopped bei ng a world-wide spoken language and began to be an exclusive language spoken only by very few, older Jews (Shyovitz). The right in the speakers of the Yiddish language was due to the Holocaust that killed nearly six million European Jews. The ones that escaped being murdered during the Holocaust made their best efforts to collar the Yiddish language and make it their secondary language (Shyovitz).No one ever expected for Yiddish to become a dead language (Shyovitz). Every morning and every night, David Dinn and his father would get up extra early and head to the synagogue to say Kaddish. Upon seeing this day after day and night after night, Ilana Davita started to wonder questions about where David Dinn and his father were going at such early times in the morning and what they were doing exactly. Her mother then explained to her that after someone in the family dies, the family goes every day continually for the next year to the synagogue to say Kaddish.Later in the story, Ilanas father dies while being in Spain to report about the Spanish Civil War, and at this time her mother cannot get over the fact that he had really passed away, so her mother had spent more time away from home as possible (Potok). During all this time, Ilana decides to start going to the synagogue where she starts to say Kaddish. The type of Kaddish that David Dinn and his father are going to the synagogue to severalize was called the Mourners Kaddish. The Mourners Kaddish was to be recited every day and night from the day of the death to the one year anniversary of the day of the death (Schoenberg).The reason for doing this every day and night is because it would stop the rush of everyday life before it began and right before it ended (Alexander, 420). A child under the age of thirteen may recite the Mourners Kaddish if one of their parents has died, and a girl is allowed to say it even though she is not required to do so (Schoenberg). Even though the words in the Kaddish receive no thing to do with death, some say that it is a way of accepting the death than suitable bitter or angry with matinee idol for the death of their loved one (Schoenberg).According to Edward Alexander, the Kaddish stems from Psalms 1132, which says May the Name of the Lord be praised from now and forever. The sorrowers Kaddish only applies to certain relatives the like a mother, a father, a sister, a brother, a spouse, or a child (Alexander, 420). It is said that when a child says the mourners Kaddish for his parent that he is redeeming them from hell. The word Kaddish actually means sanctification and the prayer of Kaddish is the sanctification of Gods name (Schoenberg).So, what people are doing while they say Kaddish is sanctifying Gods name instead of being mad at Him and insulting Him for taking away their loved one. According to Tracey R. Rich, Jews believe that thither is not a set of standards or beliefs that one needs to have in order to be a Jew, but they do believe that a ctions are more important than beliefs anyway (Rich). Judaisms main focus is the relationships between God and many different groups including the Jews, human beings, mankind, and the law of Israel (Rich). The Jews have an ideal list of what every person practicing Judaism believes (Rich).This list contains things which make up a Jewish persons religion of Judaism (Rich). Some of these things on this list include 1) God exists 2) God is One 3) God is the Creator of everything 4) God is omnipresent, omnipotent, and omniscient 5) the Torah (the first five books of the Bible) were given to Moses as a guide 6) God knows the thoughts and deeds of men 7) God will reward the good and punish the wicked 8) the Messiah will come and 9) the dead will be resurrected (Rich). There were a few, but important things that drastically make the Jewish religion different than Christianity.This is wherefore it was so bizarre when Ilana Davita thought she could say Kaddish for her Christian father. This is also the reason why Ilanas mom and she bumped heads about saying Kaddish and also why the church had looked at her funny when she had started to stand up in the synagogue and recite Kaddish with the men. ordinarily women would not recite it, and Ilana knew that, but did not care at the time. Jews mainly believe everything that Christians believe except that Jews do not believe in the Trinity, like Christians do.Jews believe that God, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit are three different persons. Another main point that Jews believe is that there is no original sin. Jews believe that everyone is born with all purity because if Adam and Ever had to eat from the Tree of Good and Evil to become immortal, then they were born mortal (Judia). Jews believe that death is just a natural part of human existence and we do not die just because of Adam and Eves sin (Judia). Although the Jews had some different points than Christianity did, as Ilanas aunt showed her, Ilana chose comfort in the Jewis h religion.Ilana Davitas main reason for switching to being Jewish was due to her mothers negligence to her after they both had lost a member of their family. Anne Chandal was extremely hurt and basically tried her best to avoid anything that reminded her of her husband, which led her to stay away from home more. This constant loneliness made Ilana Davita find something that would comfort her. And in this case, it was the religion of Judaism. It was her culture and origin, so she felt as if that is what she was supposed to be doing with her life.It was what her friends expert and what her mom used to practice. Soon after Ilanas devotion to the synagogue and Jakob Daws passing, Anne Chandal joined her daughter, Ilana Davita, when she went to the synagogue. After Anne Chandal starts remolding her life with her daughter, one could tell that Ilana seems happier to have her mother back in her life, although she never really understood her and most everything that she said. But she looke d up to her mother and was delighted when their relationship started to go back to normal, or even better than normal.

Criminal Profiling Essay Example for Free

Criminal profile EssayCriminal write involves analyzing the scene of a disgust and then use the schooling gathered from the analysis to determine correctly the identity of a perpetrator. This regularity of identifying perpetrators is very useful though it does non assist an investigator in getting the name of the perpetrator it helps narrow down and thus makes it easier to identify a evil. (Dennis, 2006) Some of the pertinent issues that culpable indite helps in bringing out implicate but not limited to the sex of the perpetrator, the background of a person in terms of ethnic community, age and personality. This profile is then used to angiotensin converting enzyme out a criminal among several people who appear to match with some of the features identified in the profile. One may wonder just how does criminal profiling work? Normally experts examine the manner in which a occurrence crime is committed. This is commonly referred to as the method of operations. Usually t he experts will issuing the identity of the victims and then examine what the suspected criminals take away in common especially in terms of the likely weapon that was used to commit the voxicular crime in question.The other issue that the experts look at is the brutality or hostility that was used during the kick of the crime in question by the perpetrator. Existence of torture or any form of hostility is yet another trait that experts look for when using the criminal profiling method. One pupil in an American University during a lecture asked her professor why he believed that the criminal profiling method actually works in identifying a perpetrator in a criminal act.The professor gave a precise answer and stated that thorough research has been carried out over the years and there have been conducted some interviews even with convicts who have helped prove the workability of this method. There are two main ways that are used to come up a criminal profile. One of the methods is one that is commonly used by the Federal Bureau of Investigation known as criminal scene analysis. This method involves a soma of footprints which include profiling in hurtles. This basically involves gathering evidence in terms of anything that was found in the scene of the crime.The second step usually is to put the evidence together and try to see if there is any common aspect in the crimes committed by the suspects. Crime assessment and investigation follows and it is afterward that some apprehensions can be made based on the investigations. The second method is the behavioral evidence analysis. This method was developed by Brent Turvey who argued that when a crime is being investigated there are a lot of discrepancies that rise from all the gatherings that are made by the investigative team.The first step is forensic analysis which involves analyzing physical evidenced gathered which may involve taking photographs and videos of the crime scene and having interviews with some of the victims of the crime who may be alive. Victimology is the nest step and involves creating a profile for a victim which in turn helps identify the criminal responsible. The third step is examining keenly the features and characteristics of the scene of crime as this is say to give a leading clue on who the suspect could be.The last step is combining the first three steps discussed and it is this combination that helps the investigators come up with a criminal profile. According to Turvey a crime ought to be analyzed in four main steps to ensure that the information gathered by the investigative team does not bear any discrepancies. Criminal profiling has in several instances been criticized as a source that lacks credibility on the hindquarters that it is based on speculations. However experts state that according to research that has been conducted for several years now, criminal profiling has a considerably high level of credibility.Profiling involves a number of wor d forms. The initial phase in every criminal profiling is known as antecedent which involves attempting to figure out the plan or the fantasy that the perpetrator of a crime had prior to the commitment of the crime. Basically this phase of criminal profiling involves an attempt to unearth the motive behind the commission of a crime by the perpetrator. The second phase is known as method and manner and involves examining the target group that the perpetrator was aiming at in the crime committed and more so the manner in which or better still the method used to commit the crime in question. Brent, 2002)The third phase in criminal profiling is known as body disposal and is common in murder cases. This is where experts attempt to examine where the scene of crime is the comparable with the get into where the body was dumped or whether the crime was committed at a particular place and then the body dumped in yet another place thus introducing the concept of multiple. (Davis, 2007) Post offensive behavior is the final or the last phase in criminal profiling and it is quite tricky. Post offense behavior involves investigating behavior of criminals especially after commission of crimes.Normally some criminals try to hide their identity by pretending to be part of the investigating team. Experts must therefore use their expert knowledge to single out criminals who pretend to be assisting in the investigation process yet they are the suspects. Having examined in great depths what criminal profiling is all about, it may be of paramount importance to address the issue of whether criminal profiling has managed to shape up chance. Basically by making this analysis we are able to know whether criminal profiling does any play any vital role in helping to identify criminals in a given crime in question.In simpler terms using criminal profiling as a method of identifying criminals what are the chances of identifying the suspect responsible in the criminal act at hand. In the beginning of the twentieth century, criminal law took a new enlace with criminal profiling slowly shaping chance. Majorly what changed during the twentieth century was the inference in terms of probability. During this century actuarial methods changed. One thing to note that it is not the risk analysis and actuarial thinking that actually changed but the inferences in terms of probability.The actuarial methods got more refined so that using the criminal profiling method one can be sure that the identity of a particular perpetrator is correct. In conclusion therefore it is correct to state that over the year and more so after the twentieth century, criminal profiling is slowly gaining acceptance as reliable method of correctly identifying perpetrators of crimes. This is because it has been studied and proved that it shapes chance so that the probability of a person to be the suspect of a crime in question having been pointed out by the criminal profiling method is very high.

Speech of Distinctively Visual Essay Example for Free

Speech of Distinctively Visual EssayHi everyone Today, I would akin to show you how distinctively visual elements in my chosen text such as gesture, composition, emotion expression, color and lightning can be used by the composer to travel an audiences response to these themes- Suffering Poverty Love The distinctively visual text I have chosen is one in a series of photographs of Agent Orange victims after the Vietnam War. This photograph was taken by an anonymous photographer which shows an Agent Orange affected child being tubful by his mother. The photographer had purposely taken this photograph to illustrate lives of people who have got the affection of Agent Orange. The photographer has skillfully captured the emotional expression in the photo, and effectively used the color and lightning to suggest how much they must have suffered from Agent Orange. The photo is mainly in black and grey. These are colors of vestige and sadness to indicate their woeful present and futur e life. Lightning is also effectively used as light is focused on the mother and her child who get to the attention of the audiences.Most importantly, the photographer has captured the images of the frowning mother, the crying son which has leave strong impression to the audiences and do work them aware of their suffer. These victims are not only suffering from Agent Orange but they also live in poverty. Through the composition in the photo, the poverty these people are living in has been successfully illustrated. In this photo, at the front of the house, where everything is exposed, the mother bathed her son in a basin and with only an old, big bucket to fill water.The house behind them is old, upturned and rundown. Everything has shown a life of deprivation and misery. Those are completely what happen in their daily life and are not purposely arranged. This fact has help make the audiences understand and create the feelings of sympathy towards them. Even though their life is in poverty and full of suffer, they still love each other as a family. It is proven by their gesture in the photo. The mother uses her gentle hands to bath and also to embrace and comfort her son, who is crying in pain.By looking at this image, we can see how the mother love towards her son can help her overcome all of the obstacles in life, which will deeply move the audiences. It is exempt that my text is contain harsh images about the consequences of Agent Orange though enlightening how much its victims suffered, their life in poverty as well as their love towards each other. The photographers use of distinctively visual textual elements has helped him successfully convey his ideas to the audiences.

Patient Billing Software System Information Technology Essay

Patient Billing Software System Information Technology EssayIn todays world, the population in respective(a) countries is increasing speedily every year, the Medical Billing System has grown-up in importance. The reason for this is that there are far more individuals that have pauperism of some variety of wellness care, regardless of whether it is physical or mental. In pronounce to receive these services patients need to pay for the services rendered by the infirmary. This business requires a guardianship ashes that ordure generate bills of services to patients. Medical professionals are facing problems regarding the guardianship issue.My pop for BSc Computing is to develop a weather vane establish patient heraldic bearing software program that is of importance to a hospital. . PHP was selected as the language for implementation and PL/SQL server as the database. The patient information volition be stored in the database. Any new patient information female genital org an be stored in the database via a patient information input screen. The screen allow lodge in as input completely the details of the patient, the pith to be remunerative, etc. The system of rules is designed with the intension of allowing for scalability, portability, and re-use. The design of the system is such that it would permit approaching integration with former(a) systems like online insurance billing for a patient that has a checkup insurance, or even a completely different coating. This system is also expected to provide a maximum level of security and reliability.AimThis project is aimed at developing a patient billing software system that is of importance to a hospital. The patient billing system is a local software system. This system dismiss be used to maintain the status and the bed number of each patient either in the screen or the Intensive Care Units (ICU). Information to the highest degree the patient and the charges to be paid is also stored.OBJECTI VE question objectiveTo study the feasibility of implementing a practical billing system for a hospital mainly focusing on scalability issues. As the hospital is speedily make believeting bigger the system should be fitting support any future expansions such as dealing with patients with health insurance.To conduct series of interviews in separate to understand the arrangingal structure and the quick infrastructure service in the hospital and its problems and develop an alternative scenario for the system.To understanding the advantages and disadvantages of the rate of flow infrastructure service and how does the new system will be a put ons to the hospital?To conduct research about how patients billing systems is used in other hospitals?To examine the necessary tools that will be needed for the implementation of the proposed system and also examine whether the proposed system will be compatible with the existing system within the budget.Eg What type of programming language c an be adopted?What type of database would be best suitable for the system?To conduct an interview with the hospital data opening operator and the account department in order to find out the difficulties they are facing when generating bills to their patients.Practical objectiveThe system is unquestionable using PHP as the front end and SQL Server / Oracle as the back end.The following steps will be helpful to starting absent the project.Study and be comfortable with technologies such asPHP, SQL server / Oracle, Apache and ODBC Connectivity.Decide on the number of wards and the number of beds in each ward.Make a database of all tables and fill some sample data in the tables which can prove helpful for running / testing of the project.Assign a hospital data founding operator who will enter all the patient details, make updating to the table entries via front-end screens as and when a patient is existence admitted to the hospital, transferred from a general ward to the ICU and vi ce versa and discharged from the hospital.Since the real time project needs to be well-tried in real-time, you can take hours as days for testing the system. However, the pomposity will still be in days only.Create the front-page of the PBS system giving a brief description about the system and a login boxCreate the help-pages of the system in the form of QA. This will help you also when implementing the system.Create other sub-systems like screens for various functions (new patient entry, viewing existing patient details, transfer of a patient between ward and ICU, etc).Research about client side and server side programming languagesHTML, XHTML, ASP.NET, JSP, PHP, ASPResearch about web based data base applications like Oracle,MysqlResearch about Unified Modelling Language, Activity diagram, Use case diagram, Class diagram, successiveness diagram, Collaboration diagramRationale of the projectOutsource medical billing system service provider is doing great help in terms of render ing medical billing services that could be of help to the doctors in order to concentrate more on their patients. The idea of medical billing outsourcing initiated from the need to acquire experts in order to perform a minor task related to the medical profession. However, the most(prenominal) concerned issues of hiring a third party to manage the medical billing services are be pay back secrete information about the company can be leaked out by outsourcing employees, even to their competitor and also they do not provide good quality services as most of their staff have demarcationed medical background and all these issues can cause serious damage to the medical practice and finance. However with the introduction of my proposed system, it will result in the overall improvement of the medical billing processes.SignificanceThe proposed project can have great significance on the finance of the hospital and also reduce the work load from the account department. This does not only lim it on the users, but will also be of great help to my studies and my career as well, as it would give me exposure needed in order to develop my skill on PL/SQL, PHP, HTML and RDBMS.OverviewMy proposed web based application is fully focused is being user friendly, simple, but highly accurate at the same time. My program consists of different stages (pages). These can be described as follows.The project will provide a web-based platform where the hospital data entry operator canLogin to the system through the first page of the applicationEnter the ward number for the patient either in the general ward or the ICU.Settle all bills pending to be paid by a patient before the patients discharge.Keep a track of all beds intermeshed / free in both the ward and the ICU.View information of all patients details, their admit time and the amount to be paid.Update the table fields (patient details, the amount to be paid / any rest period remaining, the ward number, the bed number, the registrati on number, case number, etc.) as soon as a new patient is being admitted into the hospital or being discharged from the hospital.REQUIREMENTSSystem requirementThe system requirements gives more details and explain how the user requirements should be provided by the system and can be used as part of the contract for the implementation of the system and should therefore be a complete and consistent spec of the system.(Sommerville, 2007pg.130) Therefore, Due to the record of the project, the system is web base application that interacts with the user (hospital data entry operator and the account department) on client side and all the processing will be carried out on the server side. Therefore, both the client and the Server side have to meet the following minimum requirements.SoftwareUser is leaving to open the web page of the company that will contain the actual application form and then they have to fill it to make an application for the services. meshwork Explorer or any web bro wser.Internet Connection.Data Base -MySQL server/Oracle (Optional)Client-side and Server-side scripting technologiesPHP, ASP.NET, AJAX, Visual basic 6.0WAMP.Security SSL, solidwarePC with Hard disk space more than 1 GB free always for database. (Optional)Minimum memory of 1GB (Optional)Back up running.Literature ViewNew technology creates new opportunities for forward-thinking companies. Higher level of automation, high-speed communications and improved access to information can provide significant benefits to a modernistic business cheek (Paul Boucij, Andrew Greasley, Simon Hickie 2008). Computer technology has highly transformed peoples lives tremendously. This innovation varietys the way of our thinking and the way we perform our day by day activities. Computer-based information systems are at once used to carry out all functions and activities of an organisation. Nowadays, improved innovations are being put in place in other to help a modern business organisation to make mo re efficient and automate business processes. Nevertheless, Medical practices are not left out of this great change. In order to run a medical practice appropriately, medical billing has to be automated. Lets imagine that there is no appropriate medical billing in place. What will happen to the issue of billing in medical practices? Of course, the traditional way of billing will be adopted. Traditional way is doing all the medical billing like sending invoices and generating patients bills manually. This system is good if the medical practice wants to stay small. However, the issue of medical billing is sensitive in hospital management as the hospitals cannot afford losses because of careless billing generated from traditional way of billing.According to Charles Darwin, the prominent scientist of nature, said, It is not the strongest of the species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change (Case, 2006 pg 27) The fact about nature is also true in t oday medical practice that works in a fast changing environment. The most efficient and successful hospitals run their finances with modern medical billing software. There is an urgent need to have a good way of managing the billing issue in a medical practice and this issue can only be managed with the help of good billing software. A good billing software is expected to make sure that the billing calculation are done efficiently and accurately. In addition, it is expected to be available to the users on profits so that medical practitioners can be able to have full access to their billing system anywhere in the world. Therefore, a web based medical billing is required.A Web application is a software application that is deployed on the web. It allows users to accomplish a task like obtaining information about the outstanding bills of a patient or any of the many activities possible on the web (Susan, Melanie, Solomon, Benjamin, 2003). The user can view, manipulate and control the software application through a Web browser connected to a web server through a network such as World wide-cut Web. In 1989, CERN (the European Laboratory for Particle Physics in Switzerland) proposed the phylogenesis of the World Wide Web in order to enable high-energy physicists crossways the world to collaborate through the easy provision and accessibility of information (Graham Curtis and David Cobham, 2002 pg 128). Another important aspect of web application is that there is a real-time update of generated content/data and they can be universally accessed via internet/web by the user.However, The effectiveness of any computerised system is dependent on the soundness of its design and this is particularly true for the database application. The importance of database system cannot be overlooked in medical billing system. For most business organisations, information held in databases can often be more valuable than tangible forms of asset, which are accounted for in monetary te rms. To work most effectively for the organisation or company, data stored electronically must be properly managed and protected. (Domanski, peter, Philip, 2000). Thus, a consistence database must be in place in order to avoid inaccurate analyses of stored information, poor bills flow for the hospital and Patient dissatisfaction with the hospital. A web based billing software component comprises the Database Management system and the application programMethodologiesDifferent methodologies can be used for a project. However the appropriate one can increase the chances of better results.I have chosen to use the Unified procedure approach and the reasons areIt concentrates on detailed documentationIt minimises back trackingIt maintains a full constant control on each stage of developmentWe have a clear idea of all the problems during each stage thereby eliminating chance of bigger problems after codingI will get to learn useful tools do design Used case diagramsEnhancing my knowledge of class diagramsStrategic IssuesStrategic issue can be explained as the organisation planning options in addressing crucial business issue, engaging in collaborative decision making.The strategic issue that the school of Technology and Management will benefit from the new system areFor the organisationReduce the amount of paper usage e.g. assignment submission formsReduce the amount of storage usage bellReduce the number of manpower usage costIt will reduce the stress levels of the staffIt save time for staffsFor StudentIt eliminate assignment make costsIt reduce the long queues at the college e.g. during registration or at the registry.It saves time as well for the studentManpower requirementsThe project can be completed within 3 4 months if i work fulltime on it.Milestones and TimelinesNumberMilestone NameMilestone DescriptionTimelineWeek no.from the startof the projectRemarks1Requirements SpecificationComplete specification of the system (with appropriate assumptions) includ ing the framing of transfer policy of the patient between the ward / IBU, the payment / balance to be made by the patient etc constitutes this milestone. A document detailing the same should be written and a presentation on that be made.2-3 get down should be made to add some more relevant functionality other than those that are listed in this document.3Database creationA database of atleast 25 entries of patients with some patients admitted in wards and the remaining in IBU should be entered.5-7It is important to lastize on the database at this stage itself so that development and testing can proceed with the actual database itself.4High-level and Detailed DesignListing down all possible scenarios (like new patient, transfer of a patient between general ward and IBU, some balance remaining to be paid at the time of discharge etc) and then coming up with flow-charts or pseudocode to handle the scenario.7-9The scenarios should map to the requirement specification (i.e., for each req uirement that is specified, a corresponding scenario should be there).5Implementation of the front-end of the systemImplementation of the main screen giving the login, screen that follows the login giving various options, screens for each of the options (shifting of patients, usage of beds).10-12During this milestone period, it would be a good idea for the team (or one person from the team) to start working on a test-plan for the completed system. This test-plan can be updated as and when new scenarios come to mind.6Integrating the front-end with the databaseThe front-end developed in the earlier milestone will now be able to update the database when a patient discharges. In short, the system should be ready for integration testing.12-137Integration TestingThe system should be thoroughly tested by running all the testcases written for the system (from milestone 5).14-15Another 2 weeks should be there to handle any issues found during testing of the system. later on that, the final demo can be arranged.8Final ReviewIssues found during the previous milestone are fixed and the system is ready for the final review.16-18During the final review of the project, it should be checked that all the requirements specified during milestone number 1 are fulfilled (or appropriate reasons given for not fulfilling the same) purge Internet based admission finderhttp//www.buzzle.com/articles/medical-billing-outsourcing.html